VegetablesLeafy Greens

Spinach

Evidence-based nutritional information, health benefits, and longevity research for spinach. Serving size: 100g (3 cups raw)

23
Calories
2.9g
Protein
0.4g
Fat
3.6g
Carbs

Complete Nutritional Profile

Per 100g (3 cups raw)

Macronutrients
Calories23 kcal
Protein2.9g
Carbohydrates3.6g
Fiber2.2g
Sugar0.4g
Total Fat0.4g
Saturated0.06g
Monounsaturated0.01g
Polyunsaturated0.17g
Omega-30.14g
Sodium79mg
Vitamins
Vitamin A9377 IU
Vitamin C28.1 mg
Vitamin E2.03 mg
Vitamin K482.9 μg
Folate194 μg
Vitamin B60.2 mg
Riboflavin0.19 mg
Minerals
Calcium99 mg
Iron2.7 mg
Magnesium79 mg
Phosphorus49 mg
Potassium558 mg
Zinc0.53 mg
Manganese0.9 mg
Phytonutrients & Bioactive Compounds
Plant compounds with health-promoting properties beyond basic nutrition
Lutein and zeaxanthin: Eye health, macular protection
Nitrates: Cardiovascular health, blood pressure reduction
Quercetin: Anti-inflammatory antioxidant
Kaempferol: Cancer-protective flavonoid
Glycolipids: Anti-inflammatory, gut health

Health Benefits

Evidence-based health benefits of spinach

Extremely high in vitamin K (604% DV) for bone health and cardiovascular function

Vitamin A (188% DV) for immune function and vision

Folate for DNA synthesis, cardiovascular health, and cognitive function

Lutein and zeaxanthin protect against age-related macular degeneration

Dietary nitrates improve endothelial function and blood pressure

Iron for oxygen transport and energy production

Longevity & Healthspan Research

Latest scientific evidence on spinach and healthy aging

Nitrate-rich leafy greens like spinach reduce cardiovascular disease risk by improving endothelial function
Blekkenhorst et al., European Journal of Epidemiology 2021Prospective cohort study (53,000+ participants)
Higher leafy green intake associated with slower cognitive decline (equivalent to 11 years younger)
Morris et al., Neurology 2018RUSH Memory and Aging Project
Daily consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables improved muscle function in older adults
Sim et al., Journal of Nutrition 2019Intervention study
Lutein from spinach associated with better cognitive performance across lifespan
Johnson et al., Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2018Cross-sectional study

How to Use Spinach

Optimal Intake

1-2 cups cooked or 3-4 cups raw daily. Cooking concentrates nutrients and reduces oxalates.

Preparation Methods
  • Lightly steamed or sautéed: Increases bioavailability of carotenoids (lutein, beta-carotene)
  • Raw in salads: Maximum vitamin C retention
  • Added to smoothies: Convenient nutrient boost
  • Avoid: Boiling which leaches nutrients; prolonged high heat
Bioavailability Tips

Cooking spinach with healthy fats (olive oil) increases carotenoid absorption by 3-4x. Light cooking also reduces oxalate content, improving calcium and iron absorption.

Food Synergies
Combine with these foods for enhanced benefits
  • Pair with vitamin C-rich foods (lemon, tomato) to enhance iron absorption
  • Combine with healthy fats (olive oil, nuts) for better carotenoid absorption
  • Add to protein dishes for complete nutritional profile
Contraindications & Considerations
  • Kidney stones (calcium oxalate type): High oxalate content may worsen condition
  • Blood thinning medications: Very high vitamin K affects INR
  • Hypothyroidism: Contains goitrogens (minimal effect when cooked)